April 21, 2021
  • English
  • Français
  • فارسی
  • عربى
NCRI Women Committee
  • Home
  • News
    • Women’s News
    • Articles
    • Statements
  • Publications
    • Monthlies
    • Documents
    • Reference Library
  • About Us
    • Women’s Committee of Iran NCRI
    • Gender Equality
    • Women’s Platform
  • Maryam Rajavi
    • Biography
    • Maryam Rajavi Speeches
    • Ten Point Plan for Iran
    • Ten Point Plan for Women
  • Vanguards
    • Fallen for Freedom
    • Heroines in Chain
    • Women of Iranian Resistance
    • Famous Women
    • Women in History
  • Events
    • IWD Conferences
    • IWD Speeches
    • Activities
    • Solidarity
  • Videos
  • Donate
  • Contact us
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • News
    • Women’s News
    • Articles
    • Statements
  • Publications
    • Monthlies
    • Documents
    • Reference Library
  • About Us
    • Women’s Committee of Iran NCRI
    • Gender Equality
    • Women’s Platform
  • Maryam Rajavi
    • Biography
    • Maryam Rajavi Speeches
    • Ten Point Plan for Iran
    • Ten Point Plan for Women
  • Vanguards
    • Fallen for Freedom
    • Heroines in Chain
    • Women of Iranian Resistance
    • Famous Women
    • Women in History
  • Events
    • IWD Conferences
    • IWD Speeches
    • Activities
    • Solidarity
  • Videos
  • Donate
  • Contact us
No Result
View All Result
NCRI Women Committee
No Result
View All Result
Home Women in History
Women In History – 1 April

Dame Kathleen Lonsdale – 1 April

March 31, 2021
in Women in History
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Dame Kathleen Lonsdale, (28 January 1903 – 1 April 1971) was an Irish crystallographer who proved that the benzene ring was flat by X-ray diffraction methods in 1929.

Dame Kathleen Lonsdale She was the first to use Fourier spectral methods while solving the structure of hexachlorobenzene in 1931. During her career she attained several firsts for a woman scientist, including one of the first two women elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1945 (along with Marjory Stephenson), first woman tenured professor at University College London, first woman president of the International Union of Crystallography, and first woman president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science.

She was born Kathleen Yardley at Newbridge, County Kildare, Ireland, the tenth child of Harry Yardley, the town postmaster, and Jessie Cameron. Her family moved to Seven Kings, Essex, England, when she was five years old, her mother decided to relocate the family as a result of Harry’s alcoholism.

She earned her Bachelor of Science degree from Bedford College for Women in 1922, graduating in physics with an MSc from University College London in 1924.

In 1924, she joined the crystallography research team headed by William Henry Bragg at the Royal Institution.

In 1927 Yardley married Thomas Jackson Lonsdale and had three children.

In addition to discovering the structure of benzene and hexachlorobenzene, Lonsdale worked on the synthesis of diamonds. She was a pioneer in the use of X-rays to study crystals. In 1949, Lonsdale became a professor of chemistry and the head of the Department of Crystallography at University College, London.

Lonsdale died on 1 April 1971 from an anaplastic cancer of unknown origin.


Sophonisba Preston BreckinridgeSophonisba Preston Breckinridge (April 1, 1866 – July 30, 1948) was an American activist, Progressive Era social reformer, social scientist and innovator in higher education.

Sophonisba Preston Breckinridge was born in Lexington, Kentucky. She was the daughter of Issa Desha Breckinridge who was the second wife of Col. William C.P. Breckinridge, a member of Congress from Kentucky, editor and a lawyer. Her grandfather was the abolitionist minister Robert Jefferson Breckinridge.

She graduated from Wellesley College in 1888 and worked as a school teacher in Washington, DC teaching mathematics, before returning to Lexington to study law in her father’s office. In 1895, she became the first woman to be admitted to the Kentucky bar.

Since she had no clients who would hire a woman lawyer, she left Kentucky after a few months to become a graduate student at the University of Chicago. Her thesis for the Ph.M. degree in 1897 was on “The Administration of Justice in Kentucky,” and her Ph.D. in Political Science came in 1903. She was in 1904 the first woman to graduate from the law school of the University of Chicago and the first woman to be admitted to Order of the Coif, an honorary legal scholastic society. A news writer in Paris, Kentucky, announced her achievement and gushed that Breckinridge “is considered one of the most brilliant women in the South.”

In 1907 she moved into the Hull House and began in earnest to work with the first leaders in the Chicago settlement house movement on issues such as vocational training, housing, juvenile delinquency and truancy. Breckinridge was a co-founder of the Chicago School of Civics and Philanthropy, becoming its first (and only) dean.

By 1920, Breckinridge and her colleague, Julia Lathrop had convinced the Board to merge the School into the University of Chicago, forming the Graduate School of Social Service Administration. By 1927 the faculty of this new academic unit created the scholarly journal Social Service Review which remains the premier journal in the field of social work. Breckinridge was one of the founding editors and worked on its publication every year until her death in 1948.

By 1909 she had become an assistant professor of social economy, and over ten years later (1920) she finally convinced her male colleagues of her research abilities and earned tenure as associate professor at the University of Chicago. She earned full professorship in 1925, and in 1929 she served as the dean of pre-professional social service students and professor of public welfare administration until her retirement from the faculty in 1933.

She was awarded honorary degrees by Oberlin College in 1919, University of Kentucky in 1925, Tulane University in 1939, and University of Louisville in 1940.

As a resident of Hull House until 1920, she became active in several causes, including women’s suffrage, African-American civil rights (she helped establish the NAACP), labor, immigration, children’s protection and labor laws reform. Breckinridge was the first woman U.S. representative to a high-level international conference, the 1933 Montevideo Conference.

In Chicago, on July 30, 1948, Sophonisba Breckinridge died from a perforated ulcer and arteriosclerosis, aged 82.


Wangari Muta MaathaiWangari Muta Maathai (1 April 1940 – 25 September 2011) was a Kenyan environmental and political activist. She was educated in the United States at Mount St. Scholastica (Benedictine College) and the University of Pittsburgh, as well as the University of Nairobi in Kenya.

In the 1970s, Maathai founded the Green Belt Movement, an environmental non-governmental organization focused on the planting of trees, environmental conservation, and women’s rights.

In 1984, she was awarded the Right Livelihood Award, and in 2004, she became the first African woman, and the first environmentalist, to receive the Nobel Peace Prize for “her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace”.

In a statement announcing her as the 2004 Nobel Peace Prize winner, the Norwegian Nobel Committee said: Maathai stood up courageously against the former oppressive regime in Kenya. Her unique forms of action have contributed to drawing attention to political oppression—nationally and internationally. She has served as inspiration for many in the fight for democratic rights and has especially encouraged women to better their situation.

Maathai was an elected Member of Parliament and served as assistant minister for Environment and Natural Resources in the government of President Mwai Kibaki between January 2003 and November 2005. She was an Honorary Councilor of the World Future Council.

She founded the Mazingira Green Party of Kenya in 2003 to allow candidates to run on a platform of conservation as embodied by the Green Belt Movement.

In 2011, Maathai died of complications from ovarian cancer after a life full of struggle, arrests and exile for human and women’s rights as well as for protection of the environment.

In 2012, the Collaborative Partnership on Forests CPF, an international consortium of 14 organizations, secretariats and institutions working on international forest issues, launched the inaugural USD20,000 Wangari Maathai Award to honour and commemorate an extraordinary woman who championed forest issues around the world.

ShareTweetPinShare
Previous Post

Women spearhead protests against the mullahs’ anti-Iranian contract

Next Post

Women brutalized on 3rd day of protests against anti-Iranian contract

Related Posts

Women in History - 25 March
Women in History

Saint Lucy Filippini – 25 March

March 25, 2021
Women in History

Sabiha Gökçen – 22 March

March 22, 2021
Irène Joliot-Curie
Women in History

Irène Joliot-Curie – 17 March

March 16, 2021

Discussion about this post

Stay With Us

Documents

Iranian women’s participation and decision-making in public life – Report to CSW65

Iranian women’s participation and decision-making in public life – Report to CSW65

March 11, 2021
NCRI Women’s Committee Annual Report 2021 on women’s conditions in Iran

NCRI Women’s Committee Annual Report 2021 on women’s conditions in Iran

March 4, 2021
For rural women of Iran life means suffering and working as slaves

For rural women of Iran life means suffering and working as slaves

October 14, 2020
Bill to Protect Children and Adolescents Fails to Protect Girls

Bill to Protect Children and Adolescents Fails to Protect Girls

October 7, 2020

Monthlies

On the eve of Nowruz, the Iranian regime steps up execution of women, exile of women political prisoners
Monthlies

Monthly Report March 2021 – exile of women political prisoners, executions

April 4, 2021
Iran’s clerical regime ramps up violence against women in prisons
Monthlies

Monthly Report January 2021 – One million working Iranian women have lost their jobs

February 3, 2021
Iran’s clerical regime ramps up violence against women in prisons
Monthlies

Monthly Report December 2020: Ramping up violence against women in prisons

January 4, 2021
Fundamental rights of female political prisoners in Iran violated
Monthlies

Monthly Report October 2020: Rights of female political prisoners in Iran violated

November 4, 2020

Articles

Trafficking of Iranian Women Often Takes Place Through Three Provinces

Trafficking of Iranian Women Often Takes Place Through Three Provinces

April 21, 2021

the leading cause of the increase in suicide among women and youth

The ruling regime in Iran is the leading cause of the increase in suicide among women and youth

April 17, 2021

80,000 Iranian nurses infected with COVID-19 in 14 months

80,000 Iranian nurses infected with COVID-19 in 14 months

April 13, 2021

Iran's 11th Majlis Pushes for Marginalization of Women Through its Population Growth Plan

Iran’s 11th Majlis Pushes for Marginalization of Women Through its Population Growth Plan

April 10, 2021

IWD Speeches

Rashida Manjoo, UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women
IWD Speeches

Working towards a democratic and peaceful world – Rashida Manjoo

July 17, 2019
IWD Speeches

Brave women of Iran stood up to a misogynous regime – Sarvnaz Chitsaz

April 14, 2018
IWD Speeches

Süssmuth: Women must stick together in their fight for a better world

April 14, 2018
IWD Speeches

Female political prisoners were raped in the 1980s – Rashida Manjoo

April 14, 2018

Videos

International Solidarity

Remarks by Dominique Attias, President of European Law Society Federation

April 5, 2021
  • Women’s News
  • Articles
  • Statements
  • Monthlies
  • Documents
  • Donate
  • Contact us

The copyright of all the material published on this website has been registered under © 2016 the Women’s Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. To obtain permission to copy, redistribute or publish the material published on this website, you should write to the NCRI Women’s Committee. Please include the link of the original article on our website, women.ncr-iran.org.

No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • News
    • Women’s News
    • Articles
    • Statements
  • Publications
    • Monthlies
    • Documents
    • Reference Library
  • About Us
    • Women’s Committee of Iran NCRI
    • Gender Equality
    • Women’s Platform
  • Maryam Rajavi
    • Biography
    • Maryam Rajavi Speeches
    • Ten Point Plan for Iran
    • Ten Point Plan for Women
  • Vanguards
    • Fallen for Freedom
    • Heroines in Chain
    • Women of Iranian Resistance
    • Famous Women
    • Women in History
  • Events
    • IWD Conferences
    • IWD Speeches
    • Activities
    • Solidarity
  • Videos
  • Donate
  • Contact us
  • English
  • Français
  • فارسی
  • عربى

The copyright of all the material published on this website has been registered under © 2016 the Women’s Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran. To obtain permission to copy, redistribute or publish the material published on this website, you should write to the NCRI Women’s Committee. Please include the link of the original article on our website, women.ncr-iran.org.

Welcome Back!

Login to your account below

Forgotten Password?

Retrieve your password

Please enter your username or email address to reset your password.

Log In

Add New Playlist